Fire Pumps
Fire Pumps are the heart of fire-water supply at large facilities, ensuring the required pressure and flow when the system is called upon. They split into three main integrated types: electric, diesel, and jockey (pressure maintenance). Pump selection, power source and the need for a diesel backup follow the hydraulic calculations and the adopted requirements (e.g. NFPA 20).
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Fire pumps convert ordinary municipal pressure (3-4 bar) to the high operating pressure required by sprinklers and hydrants (7-14 bar). Types: electric fire pumps (the main pump in most facilities, high reliability, lower cost, but dependent on stable power), diesel fire pumps (pumps with an independent diesel engine that run without relying on grid power, used as the main or standby pump as determined by hydraulic calculations, the code and project requirements, needing a fuel tank, ventilation, and battery charging), and jockey pumps (small pumps cycling per the project's approved control sequence to maintain static network pressure and make up for minor leaks, preventing main-pump start on every small leak). The design: a centrifugal pump (single- or multi-stage impeller), electric or diesel motor, a control system with automatic start panel, check valves and isolation valves. Typical capacity: 500-5000 lpm at 10-14 bar. Installation: in a dedicated pump room isolated from the building by a fire wall, with suitable ventilation and water drains. An important technical note: periodic no-flow (churn) testing — weekly or monthly depending on driver type and the NFPA 25 edition — and annual full-flow testing are mandatory to verify readiness. Typical operating sequence: pressure drops when a sprinkler head opens → jockey tries to make up → on sustained drop the electric starts → the diesel starts on power failure or per the approved start sequence. Specifications follow NFPA 20, NFPA 25, and EN 12845 Annex.
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Fire pumps convert ordinary municipal pressure (3-4 bar) to the high operating pressure required by sprinklers and hydrants (7-14 bar). Types: electric fire pumps (the main pump in most facilities, high reliability, lower cost, but dependent on stable power), diesel fire pumps (pumps with an independent diesel engine that run without relying on grid power, used as the main or standby pump as determined by hydraulic calculations, the code and project requirements, needing a fuel tank, ventilation, and battery charging), and jockey pumps (small pumps cycling per the project's approved control sequence to maintain static network pressure and make up for minor leaks, preventing main-pump start on every small leak). The design: a centrifugal pump (single- or multi-stage impeller), electric or diesel motor, a control system with automatic start panel, check valves and isolation valves. Typical capacity: 500-5000 lpm at 10-14 bar. Installation: in a dedicated pump room isolated from the building by a fire wall, with suitable ventilation and water drains. An important technical note: periodic no-flow (churn) testing — weekly or monthly depending on driver type and the NFPA 25 edition — and annual full-flow testing are mandatory to verify readiness. Typical operating sequence: pressure drops when a sprinkler head opens → jockey tries to make up → on sustained drop the electric starts → the diesel starts on power failure or per the approved start sequence. Specifications follow NFPA 20, NFPA 25, and EN 12845 Annex.
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